Ten years ago, hardly anybody knew the Internet
existed. Now billboards touting websites are everywhere,
and Internet traffic is doubling every three months.
By its nature as a giant computer network, the
Internet's existence is based on a simple fact:
it takes electricity to create, move and store bits
of data in the form of electrons. No electricity,
no electrons. No electrons, no Internet.
The Internet is growing like a weed. It now connects
over 100 million computers. And over 20 million
new computers are going online every year and electricity
demand is growing right along with the Internet.
In the 1990s, the digital decade, electricity demand
grew 25%, a phenomenal rate, while non-transportation
oil demand actually fell 9%.
The Internet already draws 290 billion kilowatts
of electricity in the United States alone. 290 billion
kilowatts... That's 8% of U.S. GDP, an enormous
draw on the aging United States electricity grid.
Thanks to the Internet, electricity is now the
most important form of energy, the crude oil of
the twenty-first century. Electricity is the largest
commodity market in the United States several times
over. At over $220 billion a year, it is five times
the size of the crude oil market, and it's still
growing.
To the power company, every large website is like
a small village contained in a single building Maybe
that's because for every computer on every desktop,
two or three more pieces of hardware are 'out there,'
on the network somewhere. Hubs, servers, routers,
repeaters, amplifiers, remote servers, etc. All
of them use energy in only one form: electricity.
How much electricity? Take Yahoo, the most visited
site on the Internet.
We managed to wrangle some information from the
local electric company in Santa Clara, California
for just one of Yahoo's office suites. The suite
gets four different monthly electric bills. The
one we learned about averages $18,000 on electricity
every month. That's about 360,000 kilowatt hours
each month. Enough juice to light up 360 single
family homes.
And Yahoo is not alone. Right now, at this early
stage of the Internet's development, there are about
17,000 pure dot-com companies online, each of them
either with its own electricity-guzzling building,
or totally dependent on one. The Internet's demand
for electric power is staggering.
And remember, we only looked at one of the many
electric bills Yahoo must pay each month. The total
electric draw of a giant website like Yahoo, or
a big e-tailing firm like Amazon.com is 1 megawatt.
That'd keep the lights on in a thousand single family
homes. To the power company, every large site on
the Internet is like a small village contained in
a single building.
More juice with your chips?
But let's face it. A computer doesn't have to be
wired to the Internet to use electricity. Right
now, there are over 250 million computers in private
homes and businesses. Nearly 40 million new computers
are sold annually, with half of them getting wired
to the Internet, and the more powerful the machines
get year after year, the more electricity each one
uses. Inside each machine it's hot--really hot...
In 1965, Gordon Moore predicted that the transistor
density on a microprocessor would double every 18
to 24 months. He was right, and microprocessors
continue to become twice as dense about every 18
months or so. What he didn't tell anyone was that
the amount of energy on computer chips would also
become denser.
The new chips do more work by packing the same
amount of energy into a smaller and smaller area,
not by using less energy. As a result, the new chips
are running hotter all the time and using more electricity
than ever before.
How much more? The Semiconductor Industry Association
says the latest integrated circuits have as many
as 21 million transistors on a single wafer of silicon.
They run at a speed of 400 megahertz on 90 watts
of power. Within 10 years, those chips will run
at 1,800 megahertz and contain 1,400 million transistors.
Instead of 90 watts, they'll draw 175 watts, almost
double the power. Bigger chips, more juice.
Of the 250 billion chips produced annually, 200
billion are microprocessors that will make their
way into all kinds of new applications and appliances,
from cell phones to aircraft engines. Every single
one is useless without electricity.
'Fab' appetites drink
as much juice as a steel mill
It's not just the demand for electricity to power
the Internet that's growing, either. It's the electricity
it takes to manufacture all that hardware in the
first place. It takes an awful lot of kilowatts
to crank out computers day after day, you can run
your computer for a whole year on the electricity
it took to make it. A typical computer manufacturer
draws 10 to 15 megawatts, about as much as a steel
minimill.
Perhaps you've heard of Nucor (NUE: NYSE), the
steel minimill. When Nucor's giant electrodes pump
a million volts into a pile of old Cadillacs to
melt them back from whence they came, the lights
dim in the town 7 miles away.
The manufacturers -- called 'fabs'-- of computers
and other Internet boxes are the minimills of the
New Economy. There are over 300 of them dimming
the lights across the United States.
Where's all this new electricity going to come
from?! There is only one solution to the growing
need for electric power: build more power plants.
Entrepreneurs -- and their shareholders -- who invest
in new power plants will be rewarded handsomely.
To make electricity you need fuel. Today coal is
the fuel that produces 56% of our electricity. In
addition to coal, there's another electricity fuel
you'll need to know about to reap triple-digit gains,
like the 146% (and counting) that we've made on
EOG Resources (EOG)...
Well that's
most of the news, I cut most of the crap out of
it for you all!.
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